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Today'ersus conversational Latin American Spanish lesson handles studying Spanish grammar and vocabulary phrases. Specifically, we're going to study different ways of expressing obligation in Spanish.
The first and most obviuos choice may be the verb "deber". When used in this particular way, "deber" is frequently equivalent in meaning to the English "must", "should" or "ought":
Debes estudiar mucho en el colegio. (You ought to study a lot at school)
Alguien debería hablar de todo esto. (Someone should have to chat about almost all this particular)
No debe dormirse después de comer. (He shouldn't go to sleep after eating)
The tone of "deber" expressing obligation will be very strong and might be softened through the use of the conditional form instead of the present tense, to make it a lot more polite:
¿Por qué debería comprar un lavaplatos? (The reason why should I must buy a dishwasher?)
Deberíamos salir. (We have to to get going.)
El gobierno debería concentrar su atención en los desempleados. (The authorities should focus its attention on the unemployed.)
It is possible which you will hear native speakers using "deber de". Nonetheless, this use of "deber" will be considered substandard by some grammarians and might be best avoided by those who are studying the language.
The verb "tener que" will be another common for expressing obligation. "Tener que" and "deber" are generally interchangeable. Nonetheless, "tener que" usually expresses a stronger sense of obligation. Note that "tener" will be conjugated irregularly. "Deber", nevertheless, is actually conjugated regularly.
Tengo que ayudar en las reparaciones. Debo ayudar en las reparaciones. (I have to help with the repairs.)
Tenemos que estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. Debemos estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. (We must study U.Utes. history.)
Tuvo que irse a trabajar. Debió irse a trabajar. (She had to go to work.)
The phrase "no tener más remedio que" is actually one from the most common ways of expressing extremely robust obligation, and also you may find it very useful:
No tiene más remedio que decir la verdad. (He completely offers to tell the truth.)
No me dejas otra alternativa y no tengo más remedio que aceptar. (You abandon myself no other choice, and I must accept.)
A basic sense of obligation is actually often expressed impersonally. Where English says "you should"," one ought to", and so on., Spanish would typically use an expression with "se". Study these examples:
Se debe seguir las instrucciones con cuidado". (One particular should follow directions carefully)
Se necesita tener experiencia. (You ought to have experience)
Finally, "Hay que" is a common way to express external obligation, both formally and informally. It may be used in just about all tenses, and is definitely followed from the infinitive, so it's one particular of the easiest buildings:
Hay que saber qué pasa en el mundo. (One particular should know what happens in the world)
Había que atravesar la región a pie. (You had to go over the region on feet)
Right now, for much more training, translate the following illustrations into Spanish:
1) Which car should I buy? 2) One will have to wait until tomorrow. 3) A single ought to retain history in mind. 4) A single (you) shouldn'capital t step on the grass. 5) I have to wait till the bank opens. 6) We must speak clearly concerning this subject. 7) Today I must function till late. 8) You should go to the doctor since soon because achievable.
Answers:
1) ¿Que carro debo comprar? 2) Habrá que esperar hasta mañana. 3) Hay que tener en cuenta la historia. 4) No se debe pisar el césped. 5) No tengo más remedio que esperar hasta que abra el banco. 6) Debemos hablar claramente de este tema. 7) Hoy tengo que trabajar hasta tarde. 8) Deberías ir al doctor lo antes posible.
This concludes our conversational Latin American Spanish lesson which covered learning Spanish grammar and vocabulary phrases.
Anna River is a native Spanish speaker from Buenos Aires, Argetina. She is a Spanish instructor and the creator of two learning Spanish publications. If you would like to get FREE instantaneous download usage of the MP3 audio and PDF transcripts to her Spanish lessons totally free AND read her reviews of the most favored understanding-Spanish products, then visit her web site right now to be able to: learn Spanish online.
