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Today'utes conversational Latin American Spanish lesson covers learning Spanish grammar and vocabulary words. Specifically, we're going to study different ways of expressing obligation in Spanish.
The first and most obviuos choice will be the verb "deber". When used in this way, "deber" is actually frequently equivalent in meaning to the English "must", "should" or "ought":
Debes estudiar mucho en el colegio. (You ought to study a lot at school)
Alguien debería hablar de todo esto. (Somebody must have to chat about all this kind of)
No debe dormirse después de comer. (He shouldn'big t go to sleep after eating)
The tone of "deber" expressing obligation will be really strong and could be softened by using the conditional form instead from the present tense, to make it much more polite:
¿Por qué debería comprar un lavaplatos? (Exactly why should I need to buy a dishwasher?)
Deberíamos salir. (We have to to get going.)
El gobierno debería concentrar su atención en los desempleados. (The federal government should focus it's attention on the unemployed.)
It will be possible which you will hear native speakers using "deber de". Nevertheless, this kind of use of "deber" will be considered substandard by some grammarians and is probably best avoided by those who are studying the language.
The verb "tener que" will be another common for to express obligation. "Tener que" and "deber" are typically interchangeable. Nevertheless, "tener que" typically expresses a stronger sense of obligation. Note that "tener" will be conjugated irregularly. "Deber", however, is actually conjugated regularly.
Tengo que ayudar en las reparaciones. Debo ayudar en las reparaciones. (I have to help with the repairs.)
Tenemos que estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. Debemos estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. (We must study U.S. history.)
Tuvo que irse a trabajar. Debió irse a trabajar. (She had to go to function.)
The phrase "no tener más remedio que" is actually one from the most common ways of expressing extremely strong obligation, and also you may locate it very useful:
No tiene más remedio que decir la verdad. (He absolutely provides to inform the facts.)
No me dejas otra alternativa y no tengo más remedio que aceptar. (You abandon myself no other choice, and I must accept.)
A general sense of obligation is actually often expressed impersonally. Where English says "you should"," one particular ought to", and so forth., Spanish would typically use a good expression with "se". Study these good examples:
Se debe seguir las instrucciones con cuidado". (A single should follow directions carefully)
Se necesita tener experiencia. (You ought to have experience)
Finally, "Hay que" will be a typical way to express external obligation, both formally and informally. It could be used in almost all tenses, and is obviously followed through the infinitive, so it'utes a single in the easiest buildings:
Hay que saber qué pasa en el mundo. (A single should realize what are the results in the world)
Había que atravesar la región a pie. (You had to go across the region on feet)
Right now, for much more training, translate the following examples into Spanish:
1) Which car should I buy? a couple of) One will have to wait until tomorrow. 3) One particular ought to maintain history in mind. 4) One (you) shouldn'big t step on the grass. 5) I need to wait right up until the bank opens. 6) We must speak clearly about this subject. 7) Today I have to function until late. 8) You should go to the doctor because soon as feasible.
Answers:
1) ¿Que carro debo comprar? a couple of) Habrá que esperar hasta mañana. 3) Hay que tener en cuenta la historia. 4) No se debe pisar el césped. 5) No tengo más remedio que esperar hasta que abra el banco. 6) Debemos hablar claramente de este tema. 7) Hoy tengo que trabajar hasta tarde. 8) Deberías ir al doctor lo antes posible.
This particular concludes our conversational Latin American Spanish lesson which covered understanding Spanish grammar and vocabulary phrases.
Anna River is a native Spanish speaker from Buenos Aires, Argetina. She is a Spanish instructor and the creator of 2 learning Spanish books. If you would like to get FREE instantaneous download access to the MP3 audio and PDF transcripts to her Spanish training totally free AND read her reviews in the most favored understanding-Spanish products, then visit her web page today to be able to: learn Spanish online.
