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Today's conversational Latin American Spanish lesson covers understanding Spanish grammar and vocabulary words. Specifically, we're going to study different ways of expressing obligation in Spanish.
The first and most obviuos choice may be the verb "deber". When used in this particular way, "deber" will be frequently similar in meaning to the English "must", "should" or "ought":
Debes estudiar mucho en el colegio. (You ought to study a lot at school)
Alguien debería hablar de todo esto. (Somebody needs to have to speak about almost all this kind of)
No debe dormirse después de comer. (He shouldn'capital t go to sleep after eating)
The tone of "deber" expressing obligation is actually really robust and might be softened by using the conditional form instead in the present tense, to make it a lot more polite:
¿Por qué debería comprar un lavaplatos? (Why should I need to buy a dishwasher?)
Deberíamos salir. (We should to get going.)
El gobierno debería concentrar su atención en los desempleados. (The authorities should focus its attention on the unemployed.)
It is possible that you simply will hear native speakers using "deber de". However, this particular use of "deber" is actually considered substandard by some grammarians and is most likely best avoided by people who are studying the language.
The verb "tener que" is another common for to state obligation. "Tener que" and "deber" are typically interchangeable. However, "tener que" typically expresses a stronger sense of obligation. Note that "tener" will be conjugated irregularly. "Deber", however, will be conjugated often.
Tengo que ayudar en las reparaciones. Debo ayudar en las reparaciones. (I have to help with the repairs.)
Tenemos que estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. Debemos estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. (We must study U.S. history.)
Tuvo que irse a trabajar. Debió irse a trabajar. (She had to go to perform.)
The phrase "no tener más remedio que" will be a single from the most common ways of expressing extremely strong obligation, and you also may discover it very useful:
No tiene más remedio que decir la verdad. (He completely provides to tell the reality.)
No me personally dejas otra alternativa y no tengo más remedio que aceptar. (You abandon myself no other choice, and I must accept.)
A general sense of obligation is often expressed impersonally. Where English says "you should"," one particular ought to", and so on., Spanish would typically use a good expression with "se". Study these good examples:
Se debe seguir las instrucciones con cuidado". (One particular should follow directions carefully)
Se necesita tener experiencia. (You ought to have experience)
Finally, "Hay que" is actually a common way expressing external obligation, both formally and informally. It could be used in almost all tenses, and is obviously followed by the infinitive, so it's one particular of the easiest structures:
Hay que saber qué pasa en el mundo. (A single should know what are the results in the world)
Había que atravesar la región a pie. (You had to go over the region on foot)
Today, for much more practice, translate the following examples into Spanish:
1) Which car should I buy? 2) One particular will have to wait until tomorrow. 3) One particular ought to retain history in mind. 4) A single (you) shouldn'big t step on the grass. 5) I need to wait until the lender opens. 6) We must speak clearly relating to this subject. 7) Today I have to perform right up until late. 8) You should go to the doctor as soon because feasible.
Answers:
1) ¿Que carro debo comprar? 2) Habrá que esperar hasta mañana. 3) Hay que tener en cuenta la historia. 4) No se debe pisar el césped. 5) No tengo más remedio que esperar hasta que abra el banco. half a dozen) Debemos hablar claramente de este tema. 7) Hoy tengo que trabajar hasta tarde. 8) Deberías ir al doctor lo antes posible.
This particular concludes our conversational Latin American Spanish lesson which covered understanding Spanish grammar and vocabulary words.
Anna River is a native Spanish speaker coming from Buenos Aires, Argetina. She is a Spanish instructor and the author of two studying Spanish books. If you would like to get FREE instant download use of the MP3 audio and PDF transcripts to her Spanish lessons completely free AND read her reviews from the most widely used understanding-Spanish products, then visit her web page today so as to: learn Spanish online.
