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Today'ersus conversational Latin American Spanish lesson handles learning Spanish grammar and vocabulary terms. Specifically, we're going to study different ways of expressing obligation in Spanish.
The first and most obviuos choice may be the verb "deber". When used in this particular way, "deber" is actually frequently comparable in meaning to the English "must", "should" or "ought":
Debes estudiar mucho en el colegio. (You ought to study a lot at school)
Alguien debería hablar de todo esto. (Somebody must have to chat about just about all this)
No debe dormirse después de comer. (He shouldn'capital t go to sleep after eating)
The tone of "deber" to express obligation will be very strong and can be softened by utilizing the conditional form instead of the present tense, to make it a lot more polite:
¿Por qué debería comprar un lavaplatos? (Exactly why should I must buy a dishwasher?)
Deberíamos salir. (We have to to get going.)
El gobierno debería concentrar su atención en los desempleados. (The federal government should focus their attention on the unemployed.)
It will be possible which you will hear native speakers using "deber de". Nevertheless, this kind of use of "deber" will be considered substandard by some grammarians and is most likely best avoided by people who are studying the language.
The verb "tener que" is actually another common for to express obligation. "Tener que" and "deber" are generally interchangeable. However, "tener que" generally expresses a stronger sense of obligation. Note that "tener" is conjugated irregularly. "Deber", nevertheless, is conjugated often.
Tengo que ayudar en las reparaciones. Debo ayudar en las reparaciones. (I must help with the repairs.)
Tenemos que estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. Debemos estudiar la historia de Estados Unidos. (We must study U.S. history.)
Tuvo que irse a trabajar. Debió irse a trabajar. (She had to go to work.)
The phrase "no tener más remedio que" is one particular in the most common ways of expressing extremely robust obligation, and also you may locate it very useful:
No tiene más remedio que decir la verdad. (He absolutely offers to tell the facts.)
No me personally dejas otra alternativa y no tengo más remedio que aceptar. (You depart me no other choice, and I must accept.)
A general sense of obligation is often expressed impersonally. Where English says "you should"," a single ought to", and so on., Spanish would typically use an expression with "se". Study these illustrations:
Se debe seguir las instrucciones con cuidado". (One should follow directions carefully)
Se necesita tener experiencia. (You ought to have experience)
Finally, "Hay que" is a typical way to state external obligation, both formally and informally. It can be used in just about all tenses, and is definitely followed through the infinitive, so it's one particular from the easiest constructions:
Hay que saber qué pasa en el mundo. (A single should realize what goes on in the world)
Había que atravesar la región a pie. (You had to go throughout the region on foot)
Today, for much more practice, translate the following illustrations into Spanish:
1) Which car should I buy? two) One will have to wait until tomorrow. 3) One particular ought to retain history in mind. 4) One particular (you) shouldn't step on the grass. 5) I must wait until the bank opens. six) We must speak clearly concerning this subject. 7) Today I need to perform until late. 8) You should go to the doctor because soon as achievable.
Answers:
1) ¿Que carro debo comprar? 2) Habrá que esperar hasta mañana. 3) Hay que tener en cuenta la historia. 4) No se debe pisar el césped. 5) No tengo más remedio que esperar hasta que abra el banco. six) Debemos hablar claramente de este tema. 7) Hoy tengo que trabajar hasta tarde. 8) Deberías ir al doctor lo antes posible.
This kind of concludes our conversational Latin American Spanish lesson which covered studying Spanish grammar and vocabulary phrases.
Anna River is a native Spanish speaker coming from Buenos Aires, Argetina. She is a Spanish instructor and the author of two learning Spanish publications. If you would like to get FREE instant download usage of the MP3 audio and PDF transcripts to her Spanish lessons absolutely free AND read her reviews of the most popular studying-Spanish products, then visit her web site today to be able to: learn Spanish online.
